MECHANISMS FOR SUPPORTING THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF PUBLIC TRANSIT UNDER MARKET-BASED REFORMS

Abstract

This study examines the key aspects of maintaining the social role of public transportation within the framework of a market economy. As public transport serves not only economic functions but also fulfills vital social objectives—such as ensuring mobility, promoting equity, and supporting environmental sustainability—it becomes essential to preserve these roles amidst increasing commercialization and privatization. The research explores how market mechanisms impact service affordability, accessibility, and coverage, particularly for socially vulnerable groups. It emphasizes the importance of regulatory oversight, targeted subsidies, and integrated transport policies in preserving the public service dimension of transit systems. Drawing on international case studies and best practices, the paper identifies policy tools and institutional arrangements that can reconcile market efficiency with social inclusiveness. The findings highlight that sustaining the social role of public transport in a market environment requires a balanced approach that combines economic rationality with social responsibility and long-term urban development goals.