ECOLOGICAL TAXES AND THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A GREEN ECONOMY

Abstract

This study examines the role of ecological taxes in fostering the development of a green economy, focusing on their economic, environmental, and policy implications. The primary objective of the research is to evaluate how environmental taxation contributes to reducing environmental degradation, improving resource efficiency, and promoting sustainable economic growth. The study employs a mixed-method research design combining statistical analysis, comparative evaluation, and policy analysis. Data from 2018–2024 are analyzed to assess trends in environmental tax revenues, carbon emissions, and energy consumption patterns across different countries. The findings indicate that ecological taxes significantly contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, encouraging the use of renewable energy, and promoting environmentally responsible behavior among economic agents. The research also reveals that countries with well-developed institutional frameworks achieve better outcomes in implementing ecological taxation policies. The theoretical contribution of the study lies in integrating ecological taxation within the broader framework of green economy development, highlighting its role as both a fiscal and environmental policy instrument. Practically, the study provides policy recommendations for strengthening ecological tax systems, especially in developing economies. However, the study is limited by differences in national policy structures and data availability, suggesting the need for further empirical research.